An epidemiological study of cariogenic and periodontopathic bacteria in children

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It has been generally accepted that mutants streptococci is an initiative bacterium in human dental caries. The most common species encountered in human are Streptococcus mutants and Streptococcus sobrinus. Adult periodontal disease is associated with the presence of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Prevotella intermedia. Also, localized juvenile periodontitis is caused by Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans. The present study was to determine the presence cariogenic and periodontopathic bacteria in the supragingival plaques of children with different oral health conditions. Tooth number (in df: d-decayed deciduous teeth indicated for filling; f-filled deciduous teeth and DMF: D-Decayed teeth; M-Missing teeth; F-Filled teeth), PMA index (P-papillary gingivitis; M-marginal gingivitis; A-attached gingivitis), OHI (oral hygiene index) and oral malodor of each subject were determined prior to the collection of the supragingival plaques. The detection of the cariogenic bacteria (Streptococcus … More sobrinus) in the supragingival plaques was carried out using ELISA with anti-serum. A significant difference between children with caries and without caries was observed in df tooth number and also in oral malodor in clinical parameters. S. sobrinus in children with caries was significantly higher than that in without caries. In addition, the relationship between the oral malodor in children with caries and the debris index was observed. Periodontopathic bacteria (P. gingivalis, P. intermedia, A. actinomycetemcomitans) in the supragingival plaques were detected using an immunoslot bot assay with monoclonal antibodies specific for each micro-orgasm. The frequencies of the three periodontopathic bacteria in the two subject groups (children with and without caries) tested were not different from each other. P. gingivalis positive subjects, but not P. intermedia, A. actinomycetemcomitans counterparts were correlated to oral malodor. Oral malodor was also correlated to debris index, a component of OHI. The group with a higher OHI showed a higher prevalence of periodontopathic bacteria. For the three periodontopathic bacteria in the subjects tested, P. gingivalis, P. intermedia and A. actinomycetemcomitans positive plaques were not age-related. The supragingival plaques in children can harbor periodontopathic bacteria such as P. gingivalis, P. intermedia and A. actinomycetemcomitans. Less