Development of the techniques monitoring the forest dynamics at meso-scale using aerial photographs

为了开发利用航空照片监测中尺度森林动态的技术，进行了以下研究：1）通过在地面调查和航空照片上使用OPS测量来开发监测技术，2）包括GIS方法，以及3）将这些技术和方法应用于受干扰的森林面积和森林衰退。利用航空照片建立了林冠表面（在研究地点的多寺山，戴森和山Ontake）和地面（仅在山戴森网站）的数字高程模型（DEM）。为了验证所采用的分析方法，一个测试样地，这是包括在研究区，地形数据通过地面测量，使用。通过计算结果，确定了所采用的方法，验证了本文分析的正确性。山戴森的研究的结论是，虽然间隙的形成和关闭的时间变化与台风袭击的频率和严重程度相关，结果表明，如果目前的情况将继续下去，这个古老的山毛榉林将是一个开放的立场，与以前的其他研究。GIS（地理信息系统; Arc View 3.2a / ESRI）用于本研究中的许多分析。最近，各种机载激光轮廓和激光雷达系统确定冠层高度的可能性已被审查。然而，迄今为止，使用这些系统获得的数据不足以分析长期冠层动态。因此，由于存档的航空照片可用于许多地区，在这项研究中采用的方法是有用的，用于分析长期冠层动态。

In order to develop techniques monitoring the forest dynamics at meso-scale using aerial photographs, following studies were performed ; 1) development of monitoring techniques by using OPS measurement on the ground survey and the aerial photographs, 2) inclusion of GIS method, and 3) application of these techniques and method to disturbed forested area and forest decline. Digital elevation models (DEM) of canopy surface (at the study sites of Mt.Tatera, Mt.Daisen and Mt.Ontake) and ground surface (only at Mt.Daisen site) were constructed by using aerial photographs. To validate the analyzing method adopted, a test plot, which was included in the study area, with topographic data obtained by ground survey, was used. From the results, the method adopted was ascertained to validate the present analysis. The conclusions of Mt Daisen's study are ; although temporal variation of gap formation and closure was correlated with the frequency and severity of typhoon attack, the results suggest that if the present situation will continue, this old-growth beech stand is going to be a open stand, contrary to previous other studies. GIS (Geographic Information System ; Arc View 3.2a / ESRI) was used for many analyses in this study. Recently, the possibility of determining canopy height by various airborne laser profiling and lidar systems has been examined. However, to date, insufficient data have been acquired using these systems for analyzing long-term canopy dynamics. Therefore, since archived aerial photographs are available for many areas, the method adopted in this study is useful for analyzing longterm canopy dynamics.