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Study on mechanisms of integration of featural and spatiotemporal information in visual cognition of dynamic multidimensional situations

动态多维情境视觉认知中特征与时空信息整合机制研究

基本信息

批准号：
13610084
负责人：
SAIKI Jun
金额：
$ 2.24万
依托单位：
KYOTO UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2001
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2001 至 2002
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-13610084/
关键词：
Visual working memory Visual attention Information integration Change blindness Change detection Subjective contour Saliency map Neural network model change blindness

项目摘要

( 1 ) Binding of object information in dynamic multidimensional situations: I devised a paradigm called Multiple Object Permanence Tracking (MOPT), and investigated the integration of featural and spatiotemporal information such as color and shape in visual working memory. Although it has been suggested that we can hold information of four to five objects, we have shown that in dynamic and multidimensional situations we could hold at most two objects. The functional unit of our visual working memory is not integrated object representations, and the integration of feature and location itself is a function of object motion and the number of object to be remembered.( 2 ) Neural network models for movement of attentional focus: We have built a pulsed neural network models for attentional movements in visual search tasks. By the introduction of stochastic mechanism in a saliency map model that is frequently used in the models for visual search, the model could account for the phenomenon of … More search asymmetry quite naturally. Furthermore, this model's novel prediction, search asymmetry in singleton search tasks, was confirmed by psychophysical experiments. Currently, we are extending the model to account for the findings of the Experiments on visual working memory described in section (1).( 3 ) Roles of visual surfaces in visual working memory: We conducted a series of experiments on the role of surface representation of objects in visual working memory using a change detection task with subjective surface figures. In a detection of shape change between blanks, performance was more accurate when a changing object contains the formation and destruction of subjective surfaces, even if the amount of physical change of figures was identical. This advantage occurred at the level of subjective surfaces, not at the level of subjective edges. Moreover, using a technique to estimate the limits of memory capacity and processing speed called slope-hold analysis, we showed that the effect of subjective surfaces reflects differences in processing speed in formation of object representation. Less

（1）动态多维情境中客体信息的结合：本研究设计了一个名为多客体持久追踪（MOPT）的范式，考察了视觉工作记忆中颜色、形状等特征信息和时空信息的整合。虽然有人认为我们可以容纳四到五个对象的信息，但我们已经证明，在动态和多维的情况下，我们最多只能容纳两个对象。视觉工作记忆的功能单位不是整合的物体表征，特征和位置的整合本身是物体运动和要记住的物体数量的函数。（2）注意焦点运动的神经网络模型：建立了视觉搜索任务中注意焦点运动的脉冲神经网络模型。通过在视觉搜索模型中常用的显着图模型中引入随机机制，该模型可以解释 ...更多信息搜索不对称性是很自然的。此外，该模型的新的预测，搜索不对称的单例搜索任务，证实了心理物理实验。目前，我们正在扩展该模型，以解释第（1）节中描述的视觉工作记忆实验的结果。（3）视觉表面在视觉工作记忆中的作用：采用主观表面图形变化检测任务，对物体表面表征在视觉工作记忆中的作用进行了一系列实验。在检测空白之间的形状变化，性能更准确的变化对象时，包含主观表面的形成和破坏，即使物理变化的数字量是相同的。这种优势发生在主观表面层面，而不是主观边缘层面。此外，使用一种技术来估计记忆容量和处理速度的限制，称为斜率保持分析，我们表明，主观表面的影响反映了在形成对象表征的处理速度的差异。少