Constructing a School Counseling System

本研究是关于“构建学校辅导体系”的研究。在四年的研究中，我们从三个角度对这一问题进行了研究：1)开发用户(学生)对心理健康问题的需求评估工具。2)调查是什么让学生更容易获得学校咨询服务。3)测量心理教育方案的效果。本研究的被试主要是初中生和高中生。1)为了考察学生同伴关系与心理健康的相关性，我们首先编制了[同伴关系发展量表]。然后，我们在这个尺度上进行了一些纵向和横向的研究。结果表明，同伴关系不仅是大学生的支持因素，也是压力源。不同年级、不同性别之间的同伴关系特征也存在差异。在下一步，我们为学生开发了一个复原力量表。我们使用这个量表纵向研究了那些经历过学校拒绝的学生。这项纵向研究表明，弹性是预测学生适应和心理健康的因素之一，也是他们对心理教育方案的需求。2)在本研究中，我们围绕求助态度进行了调查。我们讨论了学生和学校辅导员内部因素对学生求助态度的影响。我们发现学生对学校辅导员的形象和辅导员的行为对辅导服务的可得性有影响。3)在第三部分中，我们研究了[同伴支持计划]在一个社区的有效性，该社区将该计划介绍给了该地区的几所学校。这个项目得到了该地区教师的高度评价。此外，还讨论了学校在引入这一计划时需要解决的实质性问题。

This study is about "constructing a school counseling system". During our 4 years of studying, we approached this issue from 3 viewpoints ; 1) to develop a assessment tool about user's (students') needs on mental health problems. 2) To investigate what makes a school counseling service more available by students. 3) To measure the effect of the psycho-educational programs. Most of our subjects in this study were junior high school and high school students.1) In order to investigate the correlation between peer relationship among students and their mental health, we have made the [peer relationship developmental scale] at first. Then we have carried out some longitudinal and cross-sectional studies upon this scale. The results indicated peer relationships are not only the supportive factor but also are stressor for students. The peer relationship characteristic differences between each grades and genders are also found. For the next step, we have developed a resilience scale for students. We used this scale longitudinally to study those students who have experienced school refusal. This longitudinal study indicated that resilience is one of the factors to predict students' adaptation and mental health, and also their needs for the psycho-educational program.2) In this section of our study, we have investigated around help-seeking attitude. We discussed about factors within students and school counselors to enhance students' help-seeking attitude. We have found the students' image about school counselors and the behavior of counselors have effect on availability of counseling service.3) For the third section, we have studied effectiveness of the [peer-support program] in one neighborhood which introduced this program to several schools in the area. This program was highly appraised by the teachers in the area. Also the substantial problems to be solved at schools when introducing this program are discussed.