A STUDY ON THE DESCRIPTIO TEMPORUM OF "MEDIEVAL" AND "RENAISSANCE" IN ENGLISH LITERATURE FROM THE STANDPOINT OF CULTURAL REPRESENTATIONS

本文从三个方面探讨了“中世纪”和“文艺复兴”的时间描述问题：（1）实质性的连续性;（2）实质性的间断性;（3）作为史学表征的分类。(1)拉丁语和英语的语言双重结构延续了从中世纪到文艺复兴的各个时期。在所谓的“中世纪拉丁语”和古典拉丁语之间确实存在差异，但这种差异与同一时期英语所经历的差异相对应。文化的双重结构也是显而易见的，因为语言的双重结构本身在一定程度上得到了保持。(2)中世纪的欧洲文化本身是一个复合体，但随着它接近文艺复兴时期，矛盾的因素，看到他们的代表在那些与异教古代，开始坚持自己。这种包含着各种对立面的特有张力包括主客体情结。“和谐不和”美学是文艺复兴的显著标志。(3)“中世纪”和“文艺复兴”这两个描述性的术语来自同一个原始时刻。然而，这一关键时刻被新教的宗教精神所激化，并被一些世俗的批判思想和观点所取代。在这一动态过程中，“中世纪”和“文艺复兴”这两个描述性的术语被不同地表达出来。

The problems of the description temporum of "medieval" and "Renaissance" have been approached in terms of the following three aspects : (1) substantial continuity, (2) substantial discontinuity, and (3) classification as historiographical representation.(1) The linguistic double structure of Latina and English underlay the periods that extended from the Middle Ages to the Renaissance. There was indeed a difference between the so-called "medieval Latin" and Classical Latin, but the difference corresponded to the one English underwent in the same period. Cultural double structure was also discernible to the extent to which the linguistic double structure itself was maintained.(2) Medieval European culture itself was a composite entity, but as it approached the Renaissance contradictory elements, which saw their representative in those relating to pagan antiquity, began to assert themselves. The characteristic tension that holds varieties of opposites includes the subject-object complex. The aesthetics of "discordia concors" is a distinguishing mark of the Renaissance.(3) The descriptive terms "the Middle Ages" and "the Renaissance" come from the same original moment. This critical moment, however, was to be sharpened by the religious spirit of Protestantism, and further re- and displaced by a number of secular critical thoughts and views. In this dynamic process the two descriptive terms "the Middle Ages" and "the Renaissance" have been variously articulated.