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A Theoretical Research on Language Change of Modern German

现代德语语言变迁的理论研究

基本信息

批准号：
13610633
负责人：
NITTA Haruo
金额：
$ 2.05万
依托单位：
Musashi University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2001
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2001 至 2004
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-13610633/
关键词：
Social History Modern Germany Language Change Sociolinguistics History of German Early New High German Written Language Spoken Language

项目摘要

In the modern age the German language strengthened the charater of a written language, which seems to be because in the early modern society the communication by means of documents became more important. In this research I tried to prove this hypothesis from the viewpoint of sociolinguistics by analysing document materials. The results are :1.The study of theories of language change and the analysis of materials grounding on it demonstrated that a sociolinguistic point of view related to social change is very effective in the research of language change.2.The analysis of writings of grammarians such as J.Schottel or J.Gottsched and the inquiry into the consciousness of norm of language in the early modern German society made it clear that the language in writings of these grammarians and that of religious thinkers like as M.Luther or J.Eck had a great influence on language change, while there were many dialects reflecting the German society, in which there was no political unity.3.It was confirmed that at the Reformation in the 16th century the ‘Flugblotter'(leaflets) played a big role in language enlightment of common people.4.The analysis of style in writings of M.Luther, H.Sachs, J.Eck, and J.Emser brougth out that they made use of various rheotoric technique aiming for lightening of common people but the style of their writings was very concise and easy to understand by hearing, which reflects the illiterate situation at the majority of common people in those days.

在现代，德语强化了书面语言的特征，这似乎是因为在现代早期社会，通过文件进行的交流变得更加重要。在本研究中，我试图通过分析文献材料，从社会语言学的角度来证明这一假设。结果是：1.对语言变迁理论的研究以及以此为基础的材料分析表明，与社会变迁相关的社会语言学观点在语言变迁的研究中是非常有效的。2.对J.Schotel或J.Gottsched等语法学家著作的分析以及对近代德国社会语言规范意识的探究表明，这些语法学家和宗教思想家的著作中的语言是： M.路德或J.埃克对语言变迁影响很大，而反映德国社会的方言很多，政治上不统一。3.证实了16世纪宗教改革时，“Flugblotter”（传单）对普通民众的语言启蒙起了很大作用。4.对M.路德、H.萨克斯、J.埃克和J.埃姆瑟著作风格的分析表明：他们利用了各种其修辞手法以减轻百姓为目的，但其行文却十分简洁，易听易懂，反映了当时广大百姓文盲的状况。