Development of Reaction and Analysis Systems based on Liquid / Liquid Interfaces

水包油乳液和单微滴/水体系中的化学：基于关于跨油/水界面的离子/质量传递的知识，已经开发了单微滴在水中的新颖的光反应。在芘通过光诱导电子转移机制（PET）的光氰化反应的情况下，光照射的苯甲腈微滴含有芘和1，4-二氰基苯分散在NaCN水溶液中引起形成1-氰基芘的量子产率为0.68的最佳条件下。微通道芯片中的油/水界面体系：研究了聚合物微通道、微通道-微电极、微通道-微热芯片中的光化学、电化学和热反应。作为一个典型的例子，芘的光氰化反应通过上述PET机制在微环境中进行。 关于我们 渠道芯片。将NaCN水溶液和芘和1，4-二氰基苯的碳酸丙烯酯溶液以相同的流速引入微通道芯片，并照射整个芯片。芘的光氰化反应沿着平行溶液流在微通道内进行，反应时间为210 s，收率为72%.此外，作为产物的1-氰基芘被完全萃取到油相中。激光诱导光热液滴萃取：发展了一种激光诱导微滴形成的新方法，并将该现象应用于溶质的液滴-单微滴萃取。在光学显微镜下用聚焦的1064 nm激光束照射三乙胺（TEA）水溶液，通过溶液的光热效应产生单个TEA微滴。液滴同时被光学捕获。在对氯苯酚水溶液中的存在下，激光照射引起的单个微滴的形成和同时液体到TEA液滴萃取的对氯苯酚所揭示的原位拉曼显微光谱。单微滴体系的萃取效率远高于相应的本体溶液体系。在1-BuOH水溶液中证实了类似的激光诱导的液滴提取。在荧光显微光谱的基础上，低至10-8 M的溶质同时浓缩，并通过激光诱导的方法检测。少

Chemistry in Oil-in-Water Emulsion and Single Microdroplets/Water Systems : On the basis of the knowledge about ion/mass transfer across oil/water interfaces, new and novel photoreactions of single microdroplets in water have been developed. In the case of a photocyanation reaction of pyrene via a photoinduced electron transfer mechanism (PET), photoirradiation of benzonitrile microdroplets containing pyrene and 1,4-dicyanobenzene dispersed in an aqueous NaCN solution gave rise to formation of 1-cyanopyrene with the quantum yield of 0.68 under the optimum conditions. Analogous photoreactions were developed for carbazole derivatives and other aromatic hydrocarbons.Oil/Water Interfacial Systems in Microchannel Chips : Photchemical, electrochemical, and thermal reactions were explored in polymer microchannel, microchannel-microelectrode, or microchannel-microheter chips. As a typical example, the photocyanation reaction of pyrene via a PET mechanism mentioned above was conducted in microc … More hannel chips. An aqueous NaCN solution and a propylene carbonate solution of pyrene and 1,4-dicyanobenzene were introduced to a microchannel chip at the same flow velocity and the whole of the chip was irradiated. The photocyanation reaction of pyrene proceeded along parallel solution flow in the microchannel with the yield of 72% and the reaction time of 210 s. Furthermore, 1-cyanopyrene as a product was extracted completely into the oil phase. A photochemical microreactor was thus demonstrated.Laser-Induced Photo-Thermal Liquid-to-Droplet Extraction : A novel method of laser-induced microdroplet formation was developed and the phenomena was applied to liquid-to-single microdroplet extraction of a solute. When an aqueous triethylamine (TEA) solution was irradiated by a focused 1064 nm laser beam under an optical microscope, a single TEA microdroplet was produced by photo-thermal effects of the solution. The droplet was optically trapped simultaneously. In the presence of p-chlorophenol in aqueous TEA solution, laser irradiation gave rise to single microdroplet formation and simultaneous liquid-to-TEA droplet extraction of p-chlorophenol as revealed by in situ Raman microspectroscopy. The extraction efficiency in the single microdroplet system was shown to be much higher than that in the relevant bulk solution system. Analogous laser-induced liquid-to-droplet extraction was confirmed in an aqueous 1-BuOH solution. On the basis of fluorescence microspectroscopy, a solute as low as 10-8 M was simultaneously concentrated and detected by the laser-induced method. Less