An evaluation of cognitive impairment related to cerebellar degeneration ; A study using event-related potentials

最近的研究表明，小脑参与了认知功能。目前尚不清楚脊髓小脑变性患者是否存在认知功能障碍，或者只是继发于运动功能障碍的认知障碍。本研究的目的是通过事件相关电位(ERP)的测量和神经心理测试来评估皮质小脑萎缩(CCA)患者的认知功能障碍。此外，为了避免运动受累，还分析了脑电和中潜伏期听觉反应(MLR)。对于事件相关电位的记录，我们使用了连续操作任务，它评估了注意力表现和控制运动反应的能力。用20个头皮电极记录脑电活动并计算成一系列的电位分布图。用低分辨率脑电磁断层扫描(Loreta)计算el…在脑内的三维分布。记录中更多的电活动。一组神经心理测试也进行了评估。CCA患者在无GO状态下，GFP峰潜伏期延长，GFP峰减弱，但两组在听觉古怪任务和GO状态下差异无统计学意义。Loreta显示，与对照组相比，CCA患者在No Go P3的额叶来源激活程度较低。使用经典方法对脑电和MLR进行分析也没有发现任何差异。Loreta分析显示，CCA患者以Brodmann区45区为中心的左下额叶回Alpha2活性显著降低。在MLRs上，以P_1分量差异最显著，CCA患者以Brodmann区9区为中心的右侧额上回明显减少。提示CCA患者额叶尤其是抑制系统和上行网状激活系统受到抑制，提示小脑参与认知功能，而与运动辅助器无关。较少

Recent studies have indicated the involvement of the cerebellum in cognitive function. It is not clear whether patients with spinocerebellar degeneration have cognitive dysfunctions or only cognitive deficits secondary to motor dysfunction. The aim of the study was to evaluate the profile of cognitive impairment in patients with cortical cerebellar atrophy (CCA) by measurement of event-related potentials (ERP) and neuropsychological tests. In addition, to avoid motor involvement, EEG and the midlatency auditory responses (MLRs) were also analyzed. For ERP recording, we used the continuous performance task, which evaluates the attentional performance and ability to control a motor response. Brain electric activity was recorded using 20 scalp electrodes and computed into series of potential distribution maps. The global field power (GFP) were determined, and low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography (LORETA) was used to compute the three-dimensional intracerebral distribution of el … More ectric activity of the records. A neuropsychological test battery was also assessed. GFP peak latency was prolonged and GFP peak was attenuated under the No Go condition in patients with CCA, although there were no differences in the auditory oddball task and in the Go condition between the two groups. LORETA showed low activation of frontal source in CCA patients in No Go P3 compared with the controls. Analysis of EEG and MLRs using classical methods also did not reveal any differences. LORETA analysis indicated significant decrease of alpha2 activity in the left inferior frontal gyms centering around Brodmann area 45 in CCA. On MLRs, the most significant difference was observed at P1 component, and CCA patients showed significant decrease at the right superior frontal gyrus centering around Brodmann area 9. Our results suggest that the frontal lobe especially inhibitory system and ascending reticular activating system are inhibited in CCA patients, and indic ate the involvement of the cerebellum in cognitive function irrespective of motor adjunct. Less