Establishment of evidence based antibacterial chemotherapy

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A new automated flow cytometry based urine bacteria analyzer, UBA, was developed. We assessed the UBA for linearity of measurement, reproducibility of results, carryover rate, and correlation of the measured results with those determined by urine culture. We also evaluated for its ability to screen urine samples for significant bacteriuria.The UBA showed excellent linearity and minor carryover rate. Results from the UBA were highly reproducible, and in between-run precision assays, the coefficients of variation for UBA results were smaller than those by the urine culture.Two hundred and seventy-three urine specimens from patients attending outpatient clinic of university based hospital were examined. The results from the UBA were compared with those from urine culture.The UBA detected significant bacteria with sensitivity 96.6%, specificity 79.9%, positive predictive value 57.0%, negative predictive value 98.8%, false positive rate 15.8%, false negative rate 0.7%, and accuracy 83.5%. These results were comparable to or better than those obtained with previously reported screening procedures.The UBA can perform accurate enumeration of bacterial cells automatically in 90 seconds, and can be used for the screening of significant bacteriuria. Moreover, the UBA can be used to develop a new device to determine the susceptibilities of bacteria in urinary tract infections.