Development of new gel used for artificial nerve to differenciate neural stem cells and to promote elongation ofaxons in damaged peripheral and central nervous system

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Transplantation of neural stem cells has been studied extensively for the treatment of central nervous system(CNS) injury (Seaberg and van-der-Kooy,2002;Van-der-Kooy and Weiss, 2000;Fuchs and Segre,2000). There have been various approaches to transplantation, including direct local administration by injection with or without artificial substrates as cell carriers (Wu et al.,2001) into the injured brain (Fricker et al.,1999;Gage et al.,1995) and spinal cord (Akiyama et al.,2001). On the other hand, gene therapeutic agents (Bajocchi et al.,1993), neurotrophic factors (Araujo and Hilt,1997) and drugs such as nitecapone (Mannisto et al.,1992) have been administered through the CSF.We examined the distribution of hippocampus-derived neural stem cells on the spinal cord surface for up to 3 weeks following injection through the 4th ventricle. The injected cells were disseminated as tiny spots on the pia mater of the spinal cord and proliferated into large cell-clusters. On both the dorsal and … More ventral side, cell clusters increased in number rapidly up to 5 days after injection, and thereafter decreased gradually due to the coalition of neighbouring clusters. Concomitantly, individual cell clusters continuously increased in size, occupying almost 50% of the spinal cord surface. Cell attachment was usually found around blood vessels, along which cells invaded into the spinal cord. In the injured site, cells migrated into the lesion and were integrated into the spinal cord tissue, some of which had differentiated into astrocytes 1-2 weeks after injection. BrdU-uptake experiments demonstrated that the transplanted cells proliferated within the host cerebrospinal fruid.These results indicate that application of neural stem cells through the ventricle is a unique method to disseminate cells all over the spinal cord, and that they can migrate and be integrated into the injured spinal cord.Transplantation of neural stem cells has been studied extensively for the treatment of central nervous system(CNS) injury (Seaberg and van-der-Kooy,2002;Van-der-Kooy and Weiss, 2000;Fuchs and Segre,2000). There have been various approaches to transplantation, including direct local administration by injection with or without artificial substrates as cell carriers (Wu et al.,2001) into the injured brain (Fricker et al.,1999;Gage et al.,1995) and spinal cord (Akiyama et al.,2001). On the other hand, gene therapeutic agents (Bajocchi et al.,1993), neurotrophic factors (Araujo and Hilt,1997) and drugs such as nitecapone (Mannisto et al.,1992) have been administered through the CSF. Less