Treatment of central and/or peripheral nerve injury using artificial matrix and/or differentiated bone marrow stromal cell

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(1) The neurosphere cells were injected into the cerebrospinal fluid through the 4th ventricle of young rats that had been given a contusion injury at T8-9 of the spinal cord. The grafted stem cells survived well in the host spinal cord and were cell integrated into the host tissue, extending their processes around nerve fibers in the same manner as astrocyte.(2) The spinal cord of the young rat was injured by contusion at the level of T8-9, and the BMSCs from the bone marrow were infused into the cerebrospinal fluid through the 4th ventricle. BMSCs attached to the spinal surface and a few invaded the lesion. The recovery of locomotion was better, and the cavity volume was smaller in the rat with implantation than in the control rats.(3) Based on these studies, we aimed at the clinical application, and actually planned a clinical trial of spinal cord injury treatment by transplanting patient's autologous BMSCs into CSF. We have experienced one case. Motor and sensory scores gradually but apparently improved at 1 and 3 months compared with the scores before the transplantation.