Neuropsychological study of development of working memory of children with learning disabilities(dyslexia)

1.Swanson认知加工测验的日文简写。研究了一种评估工作记忆能力的日语简易Swanson认知加工测验（JS-CPT）的信度和效度。JS-CPT的重测信度在可接受范围内（r= 0.76,p< 0.01）。通过比较阅读广度任务的得分来证实JS-CPT的并发效度（r= 0.55,p< 0.05）。JS-CPT样本与S-CPT样本在老年组的3个子测试和年轻组的2个子测试上具有可比性。结果表明，除了听觉数字序列任务外，JS-CPT和S-CPT在儿童工作记忆能力方面具有可比性。4 ~ 6年级正常儿童阅读、语音意识与工作记忆的关系。Ishizaka et al.（2004）对小学4 -6年级儿童阅读能力、语音意识和听觉工作记忆之间关系的构念模型进行了检验。语音意识和听觉工作记忆都不是阅读能力的预测因子。通过对四个任务的多元回归分析，其中三个任务可以作为阅读能力的预测因子。我们发现听觉数字序列和语音删除任务是阅读能力的预测因子。这意味着这些任务测量语音意识或听觉工作记忆的不同方面。

1.A Japanese Short-Form of the Swanson Cognitive Processing Test (JS-CPT).The reliability and validity of a Japanese short-form of the Swanson Cognitive Processing Test (JS-CPT) was investigated, a test that assesses the working memory capacity. Test-retest reliability of the JS-CPT was within an acceptable range (r=.76,p<.01). Concurrent validity of the JS-CPT was confirmed through the comparison of the scores on the Reading Span Task (r=.55,p<.05). JS-CPT samples were comparable with S-CPT samples on the 3 subtests for older group and the 2 subtests for younger group. With an exception of the Auditory Digit Sequence task, the results showed that both JS-CPT and S-CPT had measured comparable abilities of working memory in child populations.2.The relations among Reading, Phonological Awareness and Working Memory in Normal 4th to 6th grade children.The Construct Model of Ishizaka et al. (2004) on the relationships among the reading ability, phonological awareness and auditory working memory in 4th-6th grade children of elementary school was examined.Neither phonological awareness nor auditory working memory was the predictors of reading ability. By our multiple regression analysis using four tasks, the three of them could be the predictor of reading ability. We found that the auditory digit sequence and phonological deletion tasks were predictors of reading ability. That means these tasks measure different aspects of phonological awareness or auditory working memory.