A study on the team management to cultivate flexible and functional collaboration

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In this study, a series of researches were conducted to investigate how to materialize the team management that cultivates flexible and functional collaboration among members from the social psychological viewpoint. In order to realize flexible and functional collaboration among members, team members have to perform accurate information processing, to recover one another to prevent team errors, to share information appropriately to resolve problems creatively, and to achieve each member' s roll with coordination of each member' s efforts and behaviors.With great cooperation of a railway company, we have gotten the full detail records of accidents occurred in one drivers department since 1988 to 2002 and analyzed them all by means of content analysis method. After that, we conducted fieldwork in this drivers department. Based upon the results of these activities, we constructed the questionnaires and performed the surveys. As well, we conducted survey on nurse teams in general hospitals and worker teams in human services.These researches verified the common property inhibiting team collaborations among various work teams. It was the fact that most team members preferred communication style of "conflict avoidance" such as hesitating to point out the errors that other members made. Furthermore, we are analyzing the variables that enhance the motivation to perform extra work or out-of-roll works, that reinforce or interfere team competencies, and that empower team activities. One of interesting results, we found the team level short cut phenomenon of team information processing. It could be called team heuristics. We think that the qualities of team communication were the keys for the development of team management to cultivate flexible and functional collaboration among members.