Research on social needs and characteristics of community care system in high-aged rural society

高老龄化农村的社会和产业资源已经枯竭。在这些社会中，公共社区护理系统的子系统变得非常重要，它由三重分层单元组成。首先是大家庭的功能。它适用于住在高地农村的老父母和他们在其他城镇的孩子。他们支持彼此的生活，满足彼此的生活需求。互助的社会规范必须与公共社区关怀制度相关联。二是民间支持系统在社区中的作用。它是由邻居和亲戚进行的。但它作为农村社会广泛而普遍的保障网络仍发挥着重要作用。这个安全网可以防止人们脱离正常的社区生活。三是各种民间团体和组织所发挥的自助、志愿支持、慈善制度的作用。这一功能及其活动的程度和强度取决于居民的福利意识和公共社区支持系统的成熟度。在高海拔的乡村之间有很大的差异。这一公共社区护理系统的子系统以社区的社会福利需求为特征，以居民的独立性为条件。因此，将传统的社区共同纽带和工作转变为新的个体协作，将有限的社会资源和充裕的社会资本投入到重叠的社会支持活动和农村高龄化社区的重建中，是十分重要的。考虑到居民对社区养老的态度和能力，必须区分私人和公共的支持功能，明确社区养老子系统的作用和工作，发展农村高龄村社区养老体系，必须将居民的意识从公私分离的观念转变为公私部门与居民的新型合作的兴趣。

Social and industrial resources have been exhausted in high-aged rural villages. In these societies, sub-system of public community care system has become very important It consists of triple stratified units.First is the function of extended family. It works between old parents living in high land rural village and their children in other towns. They support their lives and meet life needs each other. Social norm to be helping each other must be related to public community care system.Second is the function of private support system in community. It has been carried out by neighbors and the relatives. Still it takes important role as a wide and universal safety-net in rural society. This safety-net is a prevention of dropping out from normal community life.Third is the function of self-help, voluntary support, philanthropy system taken by various private groups and organizations. Revel and strength of this function and their activities depend on welfare consciousness of inhabitants and maturity of public community support system. There is much difference in it between high land rural villages.This sub-system of public community care system is characterized by social welfare needs in community and conditioned by independency of inhabitants. Therefore it is important to transfer the traditional common tie and work in community to new individual collaboration, and to take limited social resources and plenty social capital into overlapped social support activities and re-construction of high aged rural community. Making allowances for inhabitant's attitudes to community care and capacity, it has to distinct the private support function from the public and to define a role and work of community care sub-system Developing the community care system in high-aged rural village it is necessary to change over inhabitant's consciousness from an idea of public-private separation system to an interest in new collaboration among public and private sector and inhabitants.