Environmental preservation and remediation techniques in costal waters

为了评估封闭水域的环境保护和修复技术，从清水港和Sanaru湖采集海水和湖水、悬浮固体、沉降颗粒和沉积物。河流排放的悬浮固体以及港口和湖泊产生的生物颗粒导致透明度降低，化学需氧量增加。痕量金属，如锰，钴，铅，高度集中在悬浮固体。结果表明，这些悬浮颗粒物能像生物颗粒物一样有效地富集海水和湖水中的重金属。颗粒沉积后，微量金属在厌氧条件下再生到海水和湖水中。这一过程对化学品在水和沉积物中的积累起着重要作用，特别是在封闭海域。结果表明，重金属的含量相对较高。沉积物样品中铜和锌的浓度高于加拿大沉积物质量准则提供的海洋沉积物可能影响水平。高浓度可能是由于腐殖土中有机物含量高所致。有机物的分离可能是疏浚物的一种有用的修复技术。实验研究了炼钢渣改善几个海域底质沉积物的适用性。实验结果表明，石状钢渣控制了硫化物的赋存，可作为水下堤坝材料，作为藻类和底栖生物的基地。实验还发现，钢渣颗粒可以作为一种有效的基质，为附着的藻类提供营养。

To assess the environmental preservation and remediation techniques of an enclosed water areas, seawater and lake water, suspended solids, settling particles and sediment were collected from Shimizu Port and Lake Sanaru. Suspended solids discharged from rivers and the biological particles produced in the port and lake caused a reduction in transparency and an increase in chemical oxygen demand. Trace metals, such as Mn, Co, and Pb, were highly concentrated in suspended solids. The results showed that these suspended particles could accumulate metals from seawater and lake water as effectively as biogenic particles. After particle deposition, trace metals are regenerated into seawater and lake water under anaerobic conditions. This process plays an important role in the accumulation of chemicals in water and sediments, especially in enclosed sea areas. The results showed that the concentrations of the heavy metals measured were relatively high. The concentrations of copper and zinc in the sediment samples were higher than the probable effect levels (PEL) of marine sediments provided by the Canadian Sediment Quality Guidelines. The high concentrations obtained were probably due to the high organic content resulting from humus.The separation of organic matter might be useful as a remediation technique for dredged materials.The applicability of steelmaking slag was examined experimentally to improve the bottom sediments in several sea areas. The experimental results showed that stone-shaped steelmaking slag controlled the occurrence of sulfide, and that the materials were available as a submerged embankment material, which can be used for a base of algae and benthonic organisms. It is also found that the particles of the steelmaking slag can be an effective base and can supply nutrients for attached algae.