Curriculum Management in Physical Education : Concerning Autopoiesis of Curriculum based on practices of teaching-learning procesSes

本研究旨在探讨体育自主课程管理（以下简称ACM）。获得了以下结果。(1)ACM理论模型的构建ACM具有多重反馈的自生成循环。教学目标管理的基本功能有三，即开发、设计和协调教学目标、教学内容和教学方法的统一。(2)ACM实际上需要发挥什么作用？ACM的自创生周期包括三个层次，分别与每学年的目标、单元的学科内容和教材以及教与学过程有关。ACM需要同事的合作和校长对课程、学校活动和俱乐部活动的支持。一位促进ACM的教师通过反思自己的教学，继续进行课程评价和课程改进。(3)发展中国家课程设计原则的转变 关于我们 ACM的发展过程在ACM的发展过程中，课程的整合和分化已经取得了进展。确立了教师的教学自主权。一系列的课程管理由教师展开。一个由教材编排表组成的课程体系，已成为集体育目标、内容、方法、评价于一体的课程体系。(4)本研究的其他研究对象（主题）：（1）德国学校体育的合法性问题与体育课程开发的进程：以北威州为例。（2）中小学生的发展问题与体育课程改革：基于对学习与发展的一些调查结果。（3）第二次世界大战后早期体育教育设计的原始性的形成过程。（4）在学校活动的自愿管理方面的自治教育职能。（5）国小教师主动管理自我训练系统的组织与学校目标的形成。少

The purpose of this study is to examine the autonomous curriculum management (I abbreviate it to ACM as follows) in physical education. The following results were obtained.(1) Construction of theoretical model on the ACMThe ACM has autopoietic cycles of multi-feedback. There are three basic functions of the ACM, that is to say, developing, designing and coordinating the unity of the objective-content-method in instructions.(2) What matters does the ACM need to function actually?Autopoietic cycles of the ACM consist of three levels which are related to the objective of each school year, to the subject contents and the teaching materials of units and to teaching-learning processes. ACM needs collaboration of colleagues and support of the principal with classes, school events and club activities. A teacher who has promoted ACM has continued curriculum evaluation and curriculum improvement through reflection on own instructions.(3) A change of the principles of curriculum design in the dev … More elopment process of ACMIn the development process of ACM, integration and differentiation of a curriculum has progressed. Autonomy of instruction of a teacher has been established. A range of curriculum management by the teacher spreads out. A curriculum comprising arrangement lists of the teaching materials has turned into the curriculum that integrates the objective, content, methodology and evaluation of physical education.(4) The other objects ( themes ) which were examined in this study(1)Legitimation problem of school sports and process of sports curriculum development in Germany : In the case of Nordrhein Westfalen State.(2)Development problems of school children and students and curriculum reform in physical education : On the basis of some results of fact-findings about learning and the development.(3)The formation processes of original physical education design in the early period after the world war II.(4)Educational functions for self-government in the voluntary management of a school event.(5)The formation of a school objective and organization of the self-training system by teachers for ACM in an elementary school. Less