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Towards establishment of mitochondrial genomics of marine animals

建立海洋动物线粒体基因组学

基本信息

批准号：
15380131
负责人：
NISHIDA Mutsumi
金额：
$ 10.05万
依托单位：
The University of Tokyo
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2003 至 2005
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-15380131/
关键词：
marine animals fishes crustaceans mitochondrial DNA mitochondrial genomics phylogenetic analysis DNA marker species identification mtDNA 分子系統種査定

项目摘要

Proper measures for sustainable use of aquatic bioresources are urgently needed. To take such measures to manage aquatic organisms is not an easy task, however, because it is usually difficult to understand their population structure and even to identify their eggs and larvae. Therefore, reliable DNA markers for population and species identification are needed to be much developed. This study focused on the mitochondrial DNA as a hopeful resource for such markers. In this study, we aimed to promote our analyses of complete mitochondrial genome of fishes and also to extend our target organisms to crustaceans and some other marine invertebrates in order to develop mitochondrial genomics of marine animals.We newly collected many specimens of fishes, crustaceans, and other marine invertebrates including those of rare but important species for comprehensive phylogenetic analyses. More than 200 species have been sequenced for their complete mitochondrial genomes, and much more number of species have been analyzed for their partial mitochondrial genomes. Those data were compared with the previous data from other species to examine their variability and characteristics. Based on those novel data from fishes, our fish mitochondrial genome databese, MitoFish, was updated. Using huge datasets of nucleotides obtained and powerful computing systems, we made extensive phylogenetic analyses, and proposed new phylogenetic hypotheses for various groups of fishes, crustaceans, and some other marine invertebrates with high reliability. On the basis of the phylogenetic trees newly obtained, we estimated divergence times of major lineages of teleostean fishes to reconstruct an evolutionary history of fishes.

迫切需要采取适当的措施来实现水生生物资源的可持续利用。然而，采取这些措施来管理水生生物并不是一件容易的事情，因为通常很难了解它们的种群结构，甚至很难识别它们的卵和幼虫。因此，迫切需要开发可靠的DNA分子标记用于种群和物种鉴定。这项研究的重点是线粒体DNA作为一个有希望的资源，这样的标记。本研究旨在推动鱼类线粒体全基因组的研究，并将研究对象扩展到甲壳类和其他海洋无脊椎动物，以发展海洋动物线粒体基因组学，我们新收集了大量鱼类、甲壳类和其他海洋无脊椎动物标本，其中包括一些稀有但重要的物种，以进行系统发育分析。目前已有200多个物种的线粒体全基因组被测序，更多的物种的线粒体部分基因组被分析。将这些数据与其他物种的先前数据进行比较，以检查其变异性和特征。基于这些新的鱼类数据，我们的鱼类线粒体基因组数据库，MitoFish，进行了更新。利用获得的大量核苷酸数据集和强大的计算系统，我们进行了广泛的系统发育分析，并提出了新的系统发育假说，为鱼类，甲壳类和其他一些海洋无脊椎动物的不同群体具有较高的可靠性。根据新获得的系统发育树，我们估计了硬骨鱼类主要谱系的分歧时间，以重建鱼类的进化历史。