Genetic Identification of Thermal Resistance and the Development of Distinction Method for Thermal Resistant Individual

为了确定热阻个体差异的遗传控制，进行了以下实验。以孔雀鱼为养殖实验模型鱼，以阿育鱼、比目鱼和鲫鱼为养殖鱼。1)建立了孔雀鱼微卫星DNA标记。共开发了49个微卫星DNA标记。2)在养殖实验鱼孔雀鱼中构建连锁图谱。49个微卫星和AFLP标记共构建了33个连锁群。3)交叉试验结果表明，X染色体上存在影响耐热性的主要基因。4)通过抑制减法杂交，检测到44个在高温条件下具有特异性活性的基因片段。6个片段与DDBJ上注册的基因有显著的相似性，44个片段与DDBJ上注册的基因没有显著的相似性。5)高温条件下激活基因的RT-PCR结果显示，高温条件下激活基因与个体抗性水平及各基因激活水平均无显著相关。6)建立了对阿育鱼、比目鱼和鲫鱼鱼鳍细胞的评价方法。7)在孔雀鱼体内，控制黑色和荧光色素体存在的基因之间存在连锁。

To Identify the genetic control of individual differences in thermal resistnace, following experiments were examined. The guppy was used as the experimental model fish for aquaculture, and Ayu, Japanese flounder and silver crucian carp were used as aquaculture fish.1) The microsatellite DNA markers were developed in the guppy. Total of 49 microsatellite DNA markers were developed.2) Construct linkage map in the guppy, which is the experimental fish for aquaculture. Total of 33 linkage groups were constructed by 49 microsatellite and AFLP DNA markers.3) The results of cross experiments indicate that there are major genes affecting thermal resistance on X chromosome.4) Forty-four fragments of gene which indicated specific activity on high water temperature condition were detected by suppression subtractive hybridization. Six fragments indicated significant similarity with the genes registrated at DDBJ, on the other hand, 44 fragments did not indicate.5) The results of RT-PCR on the genes which activated on high temperature condition did not indicate significant correlation with the resistant level on individuals and activation level at each genes.6) The evaluation methods used fin cells was developed on Ayu, Japanese flounder and silver crucian carp.7) The linkage was observed between the genes which controlling the existence of the black and florescent chromatophore in the guppy.