Legislative research on Employment Contract Law and Dispute Resolution Systems in light of employment diversification

本项目首先考察了国外（德国、法国、英国和美国）劳动合同法的当前发展，重点关注这些法律如何适应多样化的劳动力和雇佣关系。本课题在比较研究的基础上，探讨了日本《劳动合同法》新立法的内容和方向。它特别注意《劳动合同法》与争议解决制度之间的相互作用。本项目的比较研究表明，德国将劳动合同法与劳动保护法区分开来，而其他国家对两者并没有明确的区分。然而，可以肯定的是，争端解决制度的有效性对各国劳动合同条例的执行起着关键作用。对于国家法规所确立的强制性规范的偏离，本项目进一步考察了德国和法国法律的新发展。为了反映多元化劳动力的多元化利益，它建议纠正日本目前的多数代表制。在《劳动合同法》的内容方面，本项目梳理了现行的判例规则和学者们的争论，探讨了《劳动合同法》的内容，包括劳动保障、劳动合同的辅助义务、隐私保护、劳动合同条款和条件的变更、聘用和试用期、工资和不利的工资变更、企业重组和劳动合同等问题。

This project first examined the current developments of the employment contract laws in foreign countries (Germany, France, the UK, and the USA) focusing on how these laws accommodate themselves to the diversifying workforce and employment relations. Based upon the comparative research, this project discussed the content and the direction of the new legislation of the Employment Contract Law in Japan. It paid special attention to the interaction between the Employment Contract Law and dispute resolution systems.Comparative studies in this project demonstrate that Germany distinguishes employment contract laws from labor protective laws whereas other countries do not have clear distinction between them. It is, however, confirms that the effectiveness of the dispute resolution systems plays key roles for the enforcement of the employment contract regulations in each country.As for the deviation from the mandatory norms established by the state regulations, this project further examined the new developments in the German and French law. To reflect the diversified interests among the diversified workforce, it proposes to redress the current majority representation system in Japan.Concerning the content of the Employment Contract Law, this project examined the current case law rules and arguments among scholars, and discussed the content of Employment Contract Law including issues such as employment security, ancillary duties of an employment contract, privacy protection, modification of terms and conditions of employment, hiring and probation, wages and unfavorable modification of wages, corporate reorganization and employment contract.