New Employment policies in the Era of High Uunemployment: policies to in tegrate the Internaland External Labo Market based upon comparative Analyses of Emdoymant Systems

通过分析美国、英国、德国和法国不同的就业制度所采取的劳动和就业政策，本研究项目试图为日本整合内部和外部劳动力市场寻找新的劳动力政策。鉴于控制劳动力从国内劳动力市场流向外部劳动力市场的解雇规定，第一章仔细研究了德国《解雇法》第9条和第10条，其中涉及对不公正解雇的金钱救济，以取代复职。公司重组是另一个重要领域，问题在国内和外部劳动力市场蔓延。因此，第二章分析了美国、欧盟、德国、法国和英国在公司重组中工会和员工代表的角色。日本20世纪90年代末进行的公司治理改革增加了外部控制，特别是股票市场的控制。第三章讨论了这些公司治理改革如何影响劳资关系，以及劳动立法的发展如何锚定了日本的利益相关者模式。劳动力从外部劳动力市场向内部劳动力市场的顺利流动有赖于为劳动力市场进入者提供有效的职业培训和其他劳动力市场政策。第四章研究了德国的所谓双重制度以及英国、德国、法国和美国的类似制度。最后，在前几章研究的基础上，第五章讨论了日本为整合国内和外部劳动力市场而应解决的政策问题。

By analyzing the labor and employment policies adopted in different employment systems found in the US, UK, Germany and France, this research project has sought to new labor policies for Japan to integrate the internal and external labor markets.Concerning the dismissal regulations that control the flow of workforce from the internal labor market to the external labor market, Article 9 and 10 of the German Dismissal Law, which deal with monetary remedies for unjust dismissals in place of reinstatement, are closely studied in Chapter 1. Corporate restructuring is another important field where issues spread over both the internal and external labor markets. Thus, Chapter 2 analyzes the roles of labor unions and employee representative in the event of corporate restructuring in the US, EU, Germany, France and the UK. Corporate governance reforms which took place in the late 1990s in Japan increased external control especially that by the stock market, Chapter 3 discusses how these corporate governance reforms have affected the labor and employment relations and how the developments in labor legislation have anchored Japan's stakeholder model. Smooth labor flow from the external labor market to the internal labor market relies on the effective vocational training and other labor market policies for labor marker entrants. Chapter 4 researches on the so-called dual system in Germany and equivalent systems found in the UK, Germany, France and the US. Finally, based upon the researches in preceding chapters, Chapter 5 discusses the policy issues that Japan should address in order to integrate the internal and external labor market.