Comparative Political Studies of Political Corruption, Clientelism and Social Capital

这个合作项目的目的是从经验和理论上研究政治腐败、裙带主义和社会资本，将日本、韩国、意大利、法国、南欧国家和中东欧国家作为比较研究的对象。我们可以非常谨慎地对待腐败和裙带主义的区别，但我们不能按照传统的推理路线，将裙带主义视为晚期现代化的残余。与此同时，我们不应乐观地认为，腐败可以通过利用裙带关系来战胜。这类研究很少将腐败和裙带主义视为共生形式和碰撞过程权力结构交织在一起的结构性和制度性产物，这些权力结构产生于资本积累(资本主义)、合理化(官僚主义)和政治参与(民主)的各种需求。这项联合研究分析了这场辩论的关键方面，例如，腐败是否应该…在行政效率、社会边缘重新调整社会和经济不平等或经济发展的合理要求方面，更多的和任人唯亲被评价为一种“润滑剂”？它们是否应该被理解为因缺乏“社会资本”或“道德资本”而加剧的“恶性循环”的结果？加强治安来控制政治腐败的效果是什么？选举改革或政府权力下放能否治愈所有人？我们所有人都使用一系列理论方法和经验证据，努力调查形成腐败和裙带关系做法的历史、制度、社会结构和政治文化因素，并回答上述问题。2006年7月10日在日本福冈举行的2006年国际政治科学协会RC06(政治社会学)分会上，一个关于比较政治腐败和裙带关系的研讨会为这项工作做出了重要贡献。我们还在2006年4月出版了阿什盖特出版有限公司(英国)的《比较政治腐败和裙带主义》。我们相信，在这次联合工作中获得的发现将有助于使我们的民主制度更好地运作。较少

This collaborative project is aimed to empirically and theoretically study political corruption, clientelism and social capital, dealing with Japan, South Korea, Italy, France, Southern European countries, Middle-Eastern European countries as objects of comparative study.We can treat the distinction between corruption and clientelism with much care, but we cannot toe a conventional line of reasoning regarding clientelism as a mere residue of late modernization. At the same time we should not take the optimistic view that corruption can be conquered by the exploits of clientelism. Very little of this kind of study has considered corruption and clientelism as structural and institutional products of interweaving forms of symbiosis and collision-course power structures that arise from the various demands of capital accumulation (capitalism), rationalization (bureaucracy), and political participation (democracy).This joint study analyses key aspects of the debate such as, should corruption … More and clientelism be evaluated as a 'lubricant' in terms of administrative efficiency, legitimate demands from the margins of society to readdress the social and economic inequality or economic development? Should they be understood as the result of a 'vicious circle' reinforced by lack of 'social capital' or 'moral capital'? What would be the effect of strengthening policing to control political corruption and could electoral reform or a decentralization of government power be a cure for all?Using a range of theoretical approaches and empirical proofs, all of us strive to survey the historical, institutional, societal-structural and political-cultural factors that form corrupted and clientelistic practices and to answer the above-mentioned questions.A symposia about comparing political corruption and clientelism offered as one panel of RC06 (Political Sociology) Section at 2006 International Political Science Association held in Fukuoka, Japan (July 10, 2006) has made important contributions to this work. We also published Comparing Political Corruption and Clientelism by Ashgate Publishing Ltd. (UK) in April, 2006.We are convinced that finding acquired in this joint work will contribute to make our democracies work better. Less