The study of the concept of "cultural landscape"-its history and international comparison

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The research contributed to the objective of seeking a future direction for the protection systems of cultural landscapes through the international comparative study on the historical background of the formation of the concept of cultural landscapes, based on the different concepts and protection systems of other foreign countries and international communities and on case studies of the actual protection of cultural landscapes.The current concept of cultural landscape has roots in the 19th-century movement for the protection of natural beauty, set against the rapid industrial development and nature-destruction in Europe and North America, and for its subsequent development the nature conservation movement that played a crucial role started after the Second World War. The current concept of the cultural landscape was formed during the new wave of environmental protection movements in the 1980's by reaffirming and merging the concept of landscape that rose from the 19th century's classic … More al concept of nature conservation, and this concept succeeded and developed divided into two lines, forming the cultural heritage and nature conservation fields.The concepts of cultural landscape were introduced into the heritage protection systems of many countries through the World Heritage Convention, but the interpretation of the concepts and the actual operation systems for their protection differ from country to country, reflecting the differences among the cultural backgrounds in each individual case. In particular, as for North American or the Pacific countries the protection systems for cultural landscapes have strong connection to the protection and promotion policies for first nations or minorities, as for European countries the emphasis is laid on the contribution to the policies of economical promotion, in particular for agricultural industries. In general the protection of cultural landscapes is expected in many countries as part of their contribution to land protection policies as well as local economical development policies. Less