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The Methodological Study of Developmental Aid Concerning Groundwater Contamination by Arsenic in the Drainage Basin of the Ganges River using Participatory Rural Appraisal

基于参与式农村评估的恒河流域地下水砷污染发展援助方法研究

基本信息

批准号：
16401030
负责人：
TANI Masakazu
金额：
$ 7.1万
依托单位：
Kyushu University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2004
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2004 至 2007
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

This study investigated socio-cultural factors involved in the management of safe water devices in Bangladesh and Nepal in order to investigate the causes of the lack of local participation in arsenic mitigation.Nearly 100% of the surveyed population in Bangladesh knew about potential health risks associated with arsenic. Despite of their understanding of the arsenic problem, their participation in arsenic mitigation was not very active. This may be explained by that fact that the heavy presence of outsiders in arsenic mitigation generates some dependence on the resident side. Unlike Bangladesh, there has been no comprehensive arsenic mitigation project in Nepal. Without heavy outside intervention, residents in an arsenic contaminated village act on this issue and constructed two new safe tubewells on their own.Once a safe water device is installed, its maintenance poses another problem. This study found that those communities of high solidarity tend to maintain their safe water devices stably. With regard to the use of safe water devices, this study demonstrated that convenience is culturally constructed. Because of the Pardah custom, many females are hesitant to go to a public place where they would be exposed to the general public. Therefore, a "convenient" location decided by outsiders was proved quite otherwise for the users of the safe water device.This study examined a few possible reasons for residents' inactivity in arsenic mitigation, and analyzed the maintenance and use of safe water devices. Its results indicate that most people know about arsenic risks, and consider arsenic to be a serious problem. A possible reason for their inactivity may be attributed to the way of the outsiders' involvement. Since the maintenance and use of a safe water device is likely to be affected by social conditions and cultural customs, development planning should be explicitly aware of local socio-cultural factors.

本研究调查了孟加拉国和尼泊尔安全用水装置管理中涉及的社会文化因素，以调查当地缺乏砷缓解参与的原因。孟加拉国近100%的受调查人口知道与砷有关的潜在健康风险。尽管他们对砷问题有所了解，但他们对减砷的参与并不积极。这可以用以下事实来解释：在减少砷污染方面，外来人员的大量存在产生了对常驻方的某种依赖。与孟加拉国不同，尼泊尔没有全面的砷缓解项目。在没有外界强烈干预的情况下，砷污染村的居民自行建造了两个新的安全管井。一旦安装了安全供水装置，它的维护就会带来另一个问题。本研究发现，高度团结的社区倾向于稳定地维护其安全水装置。关于安全用水装置的使用，本研究表明，便利是文化建构的。由于Pardah习俗，许多女性不愿去公共场所，因为在那里她们会暴露在公众面前。因此，外人决定的“方便”位置，对安全用水装置的使用者来说，证明是完全相反的。本研究探讨了居民在砷缓解方面不积极的几个可能原因，并分析了安全水装置的维护和使用。调查结果表明，大多数人都知道砷的危害，并认为砷是一个严重的问题。他们不活跃的一个可能原因可能是外来者参与的方式。由于安全水装置的维护和使用可能受到社会条件和文化习俗的影响，因此发展规划应明确意识到当地的社会文化因素。