Effect of Environmental Regulations on 3R(Reuse, Reduce and Recycle)

环境法规对3R（再利用、减少和回收）的影响

• 批准号: 16404023
• 负责人: NAKAMURA Takashi
• 金额: $ 8.51万
• 依托单位: Tohoku University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2004 至 2006
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-16404023/
• 关键词: environmental regulations; RoHs directive; Reach directive; test of hazards substances; マテリアルフロー; 3R技術; 廃棄物再資源化; 環境政策; 環境技術; フッ素; RoHS指令

Investigations of environmental regulations of oversea countries and Japan and their effects on the industrial structure have been done in the present study. For example, an introduction of severe regulation of F in waste water forced to decrease the use of CaF2 in Steel making industry. Such relations were observed in other fields like a relation between Car Recycling Low and developments of recycling processes for shredder bluffs.RoHs directive has also given a strong effect on development lead free solder. Use of lead free solder, however, did not show clear effect to decrease environmental risk.Two Rigorous legislations with realistic timetables acts plays as key catalysts of change in water pollution abatement. But, generally, they provide no incentive to achieve better than the prescribed standards. The direct regulations are necessary pre-condition for successful implementation of economic instruments.WEEE directive is also very important to understand the relation between an environmental regulation and industrial activity. An comparison between WEEE directive in EU and Home applicants recycling low in Japan. Recycling processes of WEEE is almost same but system is different in each low. Japanese recycling low doen't cover small domestic applicants. Then, We investigated the matter that should be taken into consideration about future metal resource recycling. As a result we propose new system " Concept of artificial mineral (ore) deposit (conception)". This concept( Reserve to Stock ) proposes a kind of paradigm change. It is the concept of beginning to deal with some recycling metals like common are resources, which have been treated as waste. It enables to develop possibility of further metal recycling, introduce the concept of the stockpile to the future, and reduce environmental impact.

本文对国外和日本的环境规制及其对产业结构的影响进行了研究。例如，对废水中F的严格规定的引入迫使减少CaF 2在炼钢工业中的使用。这种关系在其他领域也被观察到，比如汽车回收率低和碎纸机回收工艺的发展之间的关系。RoHS指令也对无铅焊料的发展产生了很大的影响。然而，无铅焊料的使用并没有显示出明显的效果，以减少环境风险。两个严格的立法与现实的时间表作为改变水污染减排的关键催化剂。但是，一般来说，它们并没有激励人们取得比规定标准更好的成绩。直接规制是经济手段成功实施的必要前提，而环境规制与产业活动之间的关系，也是理解环境规制与产业活动之间关系的重要依据。欧盟的WESTERN指令与日本的家庭申请者低回收率的比较。垃圾的回收处理流程基本相同，但各流程的回收系统不同。日本的低回收率并不适用于国内的小型申请者。探讨了未来金属资源回收利用应考虑的问题。为此，我们提出了“人工矿（矿）存款（概念）"的新体系。这一概念（储备到库存）提出了一种范式转变。这是一个开始处理一些回收金属的概念，比如普通的资源，这些金属已经被当作废物处理。它能够开发进一步金属回收的可能性，将库存的概念引入未来，并减少对环境的影响。

项目成果

金属リサイクルの現伏と課題

金属回收利用现状及挑战

• 发表时间: 2006
• 期刊: 廃棄物学会論文誌 17・(5)
• 作者: T.Sekiguchi;H.Shinto;Y.Tashiro;M.Yamashita;G.Kobayashi;T.Hanai;K.Sonomoto;M.Okamoto;中村 崇
• 通讯作者: 中村 崇

人工鉱床構想 〜Reduce to Stock の考え方とその運用に関する提案〜

人工矿床概念——关于“减库存”概念及其操作的建议——

• 发表时间: 2006
• 期刊: 資源と素材 122巻 6号
• 作者: T.Nakamura;T.Shiratori;中村 崇;白鳥寿一
• 通讯作者: 白鳥寿一

Present status of metal recycling and its problems

金属回收利用现状及问题

• 发表时间: 2006
• 期刊: J.S.W.M. E 17(5)
• 作者: T.Nakamura

Concept of artificial mineral (ore) deposit (conception) A proposal for employing the concept of "Reduce to Stock"

人工矿（矿石）矿床的概念（构想） 关于采用“减少库存”概念的提案

• 发表时间: 2006
• 期刊: J.MMIJ 122(6)
• 作者: T.Nakamura;T.Shiratori
• 通讯作者: T.Shiratori

金属リサイクルの現状と課題

金属回收利用现状及挑战

• 发表时间: 2006
• 期刊: 廃棄物学会論文誌 17巻 5号
• 作者: T.Nakamura;T.Shiratori;中村 崇
• 通讯作者: 中村 崇