Studies on emerging diseases derived from Primates and Chiroptera

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1. Research on Eboravirus and B virusImmunofluorescent technique using HeLa cells expressing Eboravirus nucleocapsid protein and, ELISA method with baculovirus expressed Eboravirus antigen were established to detect antibody against the virus from primates. We also established fluorometric ELISA using expressed B virus gD protein. This method could detect specific antibody against B virus from primates with no cross reactivity to human herpesviruses.2. Research on bat immune systemAnti-bat IgG rabbit serum was produced to establish conventional ELISA method for the detection of viral antibody from bat sera. This anti-bat IgG rabbit serum reacted with IgG of Mega and Microbats tested. Moreover, we determined the nucleotide sequences of the bat CD4, IgFcRn, IFN-α subtype 1, and INF-β coding region.3. Serological survey of bat virusesThe labeled avidin-biotin ELISA system was established to detect antibody against Yokose virus from bats. To examine the availability of this ELISA, bat serum samples collected in the Philippines and Malaysia was conducted. 2.7% of the samples from the Philippines and 19% from Malaysia had detectable antibodies. We also conducted experimental infection of Yokose virus to frugivorous bats. The results showed poor replication of the virus in bats, suggesting that bats do not seem to serve as an amplifying host for Yokose virus.