Academic research project on oncogenic factors in malignant tumors in the eastnorthern China

本次恶性肿瘤致癌因素学术调查项目东北-北部中国对沈阳中国医科大学病理教研室检查的鼻部恶性淋巴瘤进行了调查。多为EB病毒(EBV)相关性鼻型NK/T细胞淋巴瘤。大多数淋巴瘤细胞CD3、ε、TIA-1、CD56等细胞毒颗粒呈阳性，而NK/T细胞的LAT-1阴性。以CD204(Scavenger Receptor)阳性巨噬细胞、少量caspase-3裂解阳性凋亡细胞和大量高自噬细胞为特征，采用酶促抗原修复和Beclin-1超敏免疫组织化学方法标记。2001年以来7年间临床诊断为鼻淋巴瘤的134例中，鼻部多见EB病毒相关性鼻型NK/T细胞淋巴瘤和部分EB病毒相关性B细胞淋巴瘤，鼻部有EB病毒无关的微小鳞癌，咽部也有EB病毒相关性微小鳞癌。另一方面，在这一限制的皮肤中，在一项小型调查中没有发现鼻型NK/T淋巴瘤和许多CD30阳性的原发皮肤淋巴增生性病变。综上所述，除EBV感染外，可能还存在Aozasa报道的农药等外部致癌因素。对于鼻型NK/TMLS的致癌因素，认为与外界因素的暴露、鼻咽暴露效应的差异、鼻部炎症中可能出现特殊的糖/粘蛋白物质以及诱导能检测到这种糖/粘蛋白物质的NK/T细胞有关。这些致癌因素必须进一步研究。

This academic survey project of oncogenic factors in malignant tumors the east-northern China investigated nasal malignant lymphomas (MLs) examined in the Department of Pathology, China Medical University in Shenyoung. Most of the MLs were Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-related nasal type NK/T-cell MLs. Most of the lymphomas cells were positive for CD3ε, cytotoxic granulessuch as TIA-1 and CD56 but were negative for LAT-1 that labels NK/T-cells. The degenerative tendency in this MLs was characterized by many intermingling CD204 (Scavenger receptor)-positive macrophages, few cleaved caspase-3-positive apoptotic cells and many cells with high autophagy that was labeled by means of enzymatic antigen retrieval and supersensitive immunohistochemistry of beclin-1. In 134 cases diagnosed clinically as nasal lymphomas for 7 years from 2001, many EBV-related nasal type NK/T-cell MLs and some EBV-related B-cell MLs occurred much frequently in the nose than in the pharynx whereas there were EBV-not-related minute squamous carcinomas in the nose and EBV-related ones in the pharynx. On the other hand, in the skin in this restrict no nasal type NK/T MLs and many CD30-positive primary cutaneous lymphproliferative lesions were noted in a small-sized survey. Taken together, it was suggested that there were external oncogenic factors such as pesticides reported by Aozasa besides EBV infections. As for the oncogenic factors in nasal type NK/T MLs the oncogenic factors were thought as the exposure to the external factors, the differences in their exposure effects between the nose and the pharynax, possible appearance of peculiar sugar/mucin materials in the inflammation in the nose and induction of NK/T cells that can detect such sugar/mucin materials. These oncogenic factors must be studied further.