Economic Policy of Japanese Railway Industry in the Inter-War Period

日本铁路工业的历史研究是在国有化(1906-07)前的日本铁路公司、三洋铁路公司、九州铁路公司、北海道煤矿铁道公司、政府铁路公司等大型铁路的案例研究中发展起来的。然而，民营铁路在国有化后得以延续和发展。1919年，私营铁路(包括私营和市政有轨电车)的运营里程已达5000多公里。本研究旨在考察1910年S至1930年S两次世界大战期间日本铁路工业存在的各种问题。作为研究的结果，我找到了许多关于铁路企业的资料和记录，比如Ome铁路公司、南步铁路公司、Tsurumi Rinko铁路公司以及其他铁路和有轨电车公司。在这些资料和记录的基础上，我展示了两次世界大战期间铁路工业的实际情况。结合一战后工业化、城镇化的影响，对这些铁路公司的表现进行梳理，并尝试进行综合分析。此外，关于这一时期的铁路政策，我发现了许多重要的问题，如铁路建设的相机规则、铁路公司的融资制度、票价规则等。

The historical research of Japanese railway industry has developed in the case study of large railway before the nationalization (1906-07), such as Nippon Railway Co., San'yo Railway Co., Kyushu Railway Co., Hokkaido Coalmine and Railway Co., and the Government Railways. However, the private railways continued and developed after nationalization. In 1919, the operating kilometers of the private railways (including private and municipal tramways) has reached more than 5, 000 kilometers. The purpose of this research is to investigate various problems of Japanese railway industry from 1910's to 1930's, what is called interwar period.The feature of this research is as follows.1. As the result of this research, I found many materials and records on railway enterprises, like Ome Railway Co., Nambu Railway Co., Tsurumi Rinko Railway Co., and other railway and tramway companies. Based on those materials and records, I showed the actual conditions of railway industry in the inter-war period.2. I clarified the performances of these railway companies referring to the influence of industrialization and urbanization after World War I, and tried to the comprehensive analyses.3. In addition, about the railway policy in this period, I found out many important problems, for instance, discretionary rules for railway construction, systems for the financing of railway company, regulations of fare, and so on.