An Clinical Study of Education on Club Activities in Secondary Education

这种教育变革如取消课外俱乐部活动；学校与地方社区的合作联系；以市场为导向的教育改革无疑引起了包括支持者和反对者在内的反应。重点分析了对学生心理咨询和指导的影响；职业指导;为学生提供参与体育/文化活动的机会。在东京、静冈县和新泻市，我们采用问卷调查、参与式观察、初中生访谈和体育俱乐部活动教师问卷调查等研究方法收集证据。根据我们自己的调查证据，我们的发现如下：那些对体育/文化活动有很高倾向的学生，或者来自高收入家庭的学生，即使在离开俱乐部活动后，也希望参加非学校活动。另一方面，相反的学生想离开任何活动。出身于低收入阶层的高兴趣学生不参加任何活动，出身于高收入阶层的低兴趣学生即使离开社团活动也想参加非学校活动。这些证据表明，学生参加各种活动的机会可能与其家庭收入状况有关。我们必须为低收入家庭的学生准备“安全网”。体育社团活动教师之所以受到企业的压力，不是因为参加社团活动限制了他们的时间，而是因为他们认识到社团活动存在的问题，比如社团活动是否属于他们的职责。因此，我们必须为他们准备任何制度支持系统。

This educational changes such as the abolition of inner-curricular club activities; the co-operative linkage of schools and local communities; and the market-oriented reform in education have undoubtedly provoked a response that includes supporters and opponents of change. We focused upon influences on student counseling and guidance; career guidance; and opportunities for students' participation in sports/cultural activities. In Tokyo, Shizuoka, and Niigata, we've collected evidence with these research methods: questionnaires, participant observation, and interviews on junior high and high-school students, and questionnaires on teachers of sports club activities.Our findings based on our own survey evidence are below:Students who have high inclinations to sports/cultural activities or who have come from higher income status want to join on non-school based activities even after leaving club activities. On the other hand the opposite students want to leave any activities. Students who have high inclinations but from lower income status left any activities, and students who have low inclinations but from high income status want to join non-school based activities even after leaving club activities. These evidence results in the possibilities the linkage students' opportunities of joiners on various activities to conditions of their families' income status. And we have to prepare "safety-nets" for students in lower income status.Teachers of sports club activities are pressed by business not because the participation to club activities restrained their time, but because they recognize problems about it, for example the vagueness whether club activities are in/out of their duty. Therefore we have to prepare any institutional support system for them.