Glyco-engineering based on enzymatic polymer reactions

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1. Development of New Method for Direct Activation of the Anomeric Hydroxy GroupDirect synthesis of various important intermediates, sugar oxazolines, 1,6-anhydro sugars, 1-thioglycosides, and glycosyl azides, has been achieved in aqueous media by using a dimethylimidazolinium salt as condensation agent.2. Facile Synthesis of Sugar Orthoesters and Screening of HydrolasesA new method for synthesis of sugar orthoesters promoted by potassium fluoride has been developed. Enzymes that recognize a sugar orthoester have been screened.3. Synthesis of Cyclic Sugar Carbonate and Its Chemical BehaviorA cyclic sugar carbonate was prepared and its chemical behavior, for example, the stability against acid or base, reactivity towards various nucleophiles, has been investigated.4. Development of Enzymatic Polymer ReactionsA new method for modifying polysaccharide chains by enzymes has been developed. The sulfation and phosphorylation of chitooligosaccharides and amylase has been demonstrated.5. Acceleration of Enzymatic Polymer ReactionsIn order to facilitate the above enzymatic polymer reaction, the enzyme catalysts have been modified by introducing a biding domain for the corresponding polysaccharides.