Elucidation of novel immune regulatory mechanism by PILR that belongs to NK cell receptor family.

在本研究中，我们分析了NK细胞受体家族分子之一的PILR如何参与免疫系统。我们特别分析了PILR如何调节先天免疫反应和获得性免疫反应。此外，我们试图开发一种通过调节PILR和PILR配体之间的相互作用来调节过敏性疾病和自身免疫性疾病的方法。当我们分析了PILR配体的表达和配体的功能时，我们发现PILR识别CD8 T细胞上表达的CD45。此外，我们通过使用抗cd3单抗和PILR- ig融合蛋白刺激T细胞，分析了PILR与CD45相互作用的功能。从这些分析中，我们发现这种相互作用显著增强了CD8 T细胞的反应。此外，在抗原呈递细胞上表达的PILR显著增强了T细胞的应答。总之，我们发现PILR通过与CD8 T细胞上表达的CD45相互作用来调节CD8 T细胞的活化。调节CD45和PILR之间相互作用的方法的发展似乎涉及调节过敏性疾病和自身免疫性疾病的方法的发展。因此，进一步分析PILR的功能对阐明免疫调节机制具有重要意义。

In this study, we have analyzed how PILR, one of NK cell receptor family molecules, is involved in immune system. Especially, we have analyzed how PILR regulates innate immune response and acquired immune response. Furthermore, we have tried to develop a method to regulate allergic diseases and autoimmune diseases by regulating interaction between PILR and PILR ligands. When we have analyzed expression of PILR ligands and function of the ligands, we have found that PILR recognizes CD45 expressed on CD8 T cells. Furthermore, we analyzed the function of the interaction between PILR and CD45, by stimulating T cells with anti-CD3 mAb and PILR-Ig fusion protein. From these analyses, we found that the interaction significantly augment the response of CD8 T cells. Furthermore, PILR expressed on antigen presenting cells significantly augmented the response of T cells. In summary, PILR was revealed to regulate CD8 T cell activation by interacting with CD45 expressed on CD8 T cells. Development of methods to regulate interaction between CD45 and PILR seems to be involved in the development of methods to regulate allergic diseases and autoimmune diseases. Therefore, further analyses of the function of PILR seem to be important to elucidate the mechanism of immune regulation.