A genetic mode of regulation for the growth correlation of mandible and craniomaxilla

下颌骨和颅颌骨的生长相关性对于物种的形态、行为和颅骨功能的遗传是必不可少的。本研究的目的是论证下颌骨和颅颌骨生长相关性的遗传调控模式。为了确定这种相关性的遗传联系，我们分析了来自两个不同品系的小鼠MRL/Mp.Faslpr-RPL/RPL(MRL/RPL)和C3H/HeJ.Faslpr(C3H/LPR)的不同遗传变异的杂交F2小鼠。于20周龄时对所有小鼠进行下颌骨和颅颌骨的形态测量。利用247只F2杂交小鼠，在96个微卫星座位上对下颌骨和颅颌骨的形态指标进行了全基因组遗传分析。主要研究结果如下：1.雄性和雌性小鼠下颌骨宽度指标存在高度显著差异。2.上颌区(MMR)的形态变异与D1Mit46(CHR)附近的多个遗传位点显著相关。1)、D10Mitl64(Chr.10)和D11Mit263(Chr.11)。3.MMR的形态变化主要取决于下颌宽度的变化。4.作为与CHR相关的职位候选人。1位点，指出了编码胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白(IGFBP2和IGFBP5)的基因。结论：小鼠模型表明MMR的形态受多基因遗传模式的控制。目前，IGFBP2或5被认为是影响MMR形态的遗传因素的位置候选。

A growth correlation of mandible and craniomaxilla is essential for the inheritance of morphology, behavior, and cranial function of a species. The aim of this study is to demonstrate a genetic mode of regulation for the growth correlation of mandible and craniomaxilla. To identify a genetic link of the correlation, we analyzed genetically varied intercross F2 mice, which were generated from two different strains of mice, MRL/Mp.Faslpr-rpl/rpl (MRL/rpl) and C3H/HeJ.Faslpr (C3H/lpr). Morphological measurements for mandible and craniomaxilla were performed at 20 weeks of age for all mice. A genome-wide genetic analysis for the morphological indexes of mandible and craniomaxilla was performed using 247 F2 intercross mice at 96 microsattelite loci. The results are summarized as follows: 1. The indexes of mandibular width were highly, significantly different between male and female mice. 2. The morphological variation of maxillo-mandibular region (MMR) was significantly associated with several genetic loci, which were located in the vicinity of D1Mit46 (chr. 1), D10Mitl64 (chr. 10), and D11Mit263 (chr. 11). 3. The morphological variation of MMR was largely dependent on those in mandibular width. 4. As positional candidates associated with the chr. 1 locus, the genes encoding insulin-like growth-factor-binding proteins (IGFBP2 and 5) were pointed out.In conclusion, the mouse model indicates that the morphology of MMR is controlled under the polygenic mode of inheritance. Presently, either of IGFBP2 or 5 was suggested to be a positional candidate for a genetic factor that affects the morphology of MMR.