Psychophysiological studies on patience behavior

最近，无论年轻人还是老年人都没有足够的耐心。耐心有两种；一是放弃眼前的小奖励，而换取后来更大的奖励，二是抑制遵循社会或道德规则的主导反应倾向。前额叶皮层在控制耐心行为方面发挥着重要作用。灵长类动物前额叶神经元表现出与耐心行为相关的活动变化。众所周知，哌甲酯（利他林）可以控制多动症患者的耐心行为。将这种药物应用于猴子，可以改善其自我控制行为，并诱导前额皮质和纹状体中多巴胺的释放增加。

Recently, both young and old people do not have enough patience. There are two kinds of patience ; one is to give up immediate small reward for later and much larger reward, and the other is to inhibit predominant response tendency to follow the social or moral rule. The prefrontal cortex plays important roles in the control of patience behavior. Primate prefrontal neurons show activity changes in relation to patience behavior. Methylphenidate (Ritalin) is known to control patience behavior in ADHD patients. Application of this drug to the monkey induced improvement in self-control behavior as well as inducing increase in dopamine release in the prefrontal cortex and striatum.