Establishment of novel preventive/therapeutic measures and demonstration of a mechanism of neural spread of pathogens in neurotropic zoonotic diseases

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Specific antibodies detected in cerebrospinal fluid by intrathecal vaccination (vaccination by an inoculating antigen into subarachnoidal space) were produced de novo in the brain. Intrathecal vaccination completely prevented clinical signs and death of mice inoculated with rabies or pseudorabies viruses. Eighty percent of the mice intrathecally vaccinated and inoculated rabies virus directly into the brain survived, and this result suggested that the intrathecal vaccination was applicable for the treatment of rabid animals and humans. Our novel murine model of influenzal encephalopathy of childhood suggested hypercytokinemia triggered by influenza virus infection and/or a duplication of influenza virus infection and endotoxemia might be the cause(s) of the disease.