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The Sociological Study on Restructuring of City-Region and Settlement of Foreigners

城市区域重构与外国人定居的社会学研究

基本信息

批准号：
19530438
负责人：
KURODA Yoshihiko
金额：
$ 2.91万
依托单位：
Nagoya University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2007
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2007 至 2009
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

From the perspective of eliminating the workforce shortages facing regional industry, the Industrial Training and Technical Internship Program has up until now proved a "cunning" system. This is because it has largely succeeded in introducing temporary, inexpensive unskilled labor while preserving political measures against admitting unskilled foreign labor. Although in fact there are over 100,000 foreigners pursuing unskilled labor in Japan, they are temporary and therefore do not end up settling permanently there. There is the risk of foreigners absconding, but this risk is kept low by working through sending and accepting organizations. Both Japan and China ostensibly respect the goal of "contributing to the international community through Industrial Training and Technical Internships". However, their actual goals are to secure a good quality workforce for the Japanese, and to save money in a short amount of time for the Chinese. For this reason, the foreign trainees and technical interns must meet the expectation of being a diligent workforce. On the other hand, the Japanese enterprises must continue to pay foreign trainees and technical interns a salary that allows them to meet their savings goals while guaranteeing them minimum labor/housing environments. If there comes a time when these conditions are not fulfilled, the smooth operation of the system will become impaired.

从解决地区工业劳动力短缺的角度来看，工业培训和技术实习计划至今被证明是一个“狡猾”的制度。这是因为它在很大程度上成功地引入了临时的、廉价的非熟练劳动力，同时保留了反对接纳非熟练外国劳动力的政治措施。尽管事实上有超过10万名外国人在日本从事非熟练劳动力，但他们是临时性的，因此最终不会永久定居在那里。外国人潜逃的风险是存在的，但通过派遣和接收组织的工作，这种风险保持在较低水平。日本和中国表面上都尊重“通过工业培训和技术实习为国际社会做出贡献”的目标。然而，他们的实际目标是为日本人确保高质量的劳动力，并为中国人在短时间内节省资金。因此，外国研修生和技能实习生必须满足成为勤奋的劳动力的期望。另一方面，日本企业必须继续向外国研修生和技术实习生支付工资，使他们能够实现储蓄目标，同时保证最低限度的劳动力/住房环境。如果不满足这些条件，系统的平稳运行就会受到损害。