Analyses of architecture and functions of cerebral networks by target neuron-selective activity suppression and tract-tracing approaches

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The present study was designed to develop two advanced methodological approaches to elucidation of structural bases for neural networks and to analyze the architecture and functions of the cortico-basal ganglia circuits in primates. First, we attempted target neuron-selective activity suppression using a novel lentiviral vector system and examined changes in behavioral pattern and neuronal activity in relation to motor tasks. Second, we established a novel system that achieved retrograde transneuronal tract-tracing with rabies virus and its recombinant vectors and investigated the organization of multisynaptic inputs to the prefrontal, premotor, and higher visual areas of the cortex.