Investigation of the structural change of orotidine 5'-monophosphate decarboxylase during the reaction and its catalytic mechanism

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Crystal structures of substrate-product complexes of orotidine 5'-monophosphate decarboxylase (ODCase), obtained at various steps in its catalysis of the unusual transformation of 6-cyano-uridine 5'-monophosphate into barbituric acid ribosyl monophosphate, show that the cyano substituent of the substrate, when bound to the active site, is first bent significantly from the plane of the pyrimidine ring and then replaced by an oxygen atom. The structure together with other observation showed that ODCase distorts the C6 substituent on its substrate during the reaction.