Development of new anti-cancer agents for ovarian cancer

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Clofibric acid, a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α ligand, inhibits proliferation of ovarian cancer by decreasing prostaglandin (PG) E_2 activity through induction of carbonyl reductase (CR), a PGE_2-converting enzyme, in tumor. The tumor volume of the CR induction group increased up to the 2nd week but then decreased continually until the 5th week of observation. Increased necrosis due to phagocytosis of apoptotic cells by phagocytes attracted by increased Milk fat globule EGF factor 8 was considered to be the mechanism of spontaneous tumor regression in the CR induction group. Also, photodynamic therapy of a methyl ester of 5-aminolevulinic acid significantly suppressed the growth of HTOA tumors as compared to control.