In vivo imaging of osteoclast precursor recruitment to the inflammatory site where extensive bone destruction occurs

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In this study, we investigated the mobilization of osteoclast precursor cells (OCPs) in living mice, in which the interrelationship among different cell types are maintained, by using in vivo imaging techniques. Within 3 days of luciferase (Luc)-Tg OCPs injection, Luc-positive cells were detected in the inflammation site, secondary lymph nodes and spleen; and furthermore, expression of TNFalpha, IL-1beta, IL-6, MCP-1 and MIP-1alpha mRNAs were significantly increased in LPS- or Pam3-injected mice. These findings indicate that OCPs circulating in the bloodstream migrate into the local inflammation site through MCP-1/MIP-1alpha activation and can take part in the rapid and extensive bone destruction.