Studies on virus-host relationships and genome organisation of viruses infecting hyperthermophilic acidophilic archaea of the genus Acidianus

感染嗜酸菌属超高温嗜酸古菌的病毒与宿主关系及基因组组织的研究

• 批准号: 5378118
• 负责人: Dr. David Prangishvili
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut Pasteur
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2001-12-31 至 2003-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/5378118?language=en
• 关键词: Studies; virus; host; relationships; genome

Studies of the extent and distribution of viral diversity on the planet should help to understand the role of viruses in microbial ecology and the entire ecosystem. A comprehensive picture of viral diversity could also contribute to understanding the orgin and evolution of viruses, and probably very early stages of cellular evolution. Because of the remarkable diversity of their morphologies suggesting a broad phylogenetic span, viruses of the archaea, mainly of those thriving in hot habitats, are especially promising objects of evolutionary studies. Such viruses also offer comprehensible model systems for understanding the biochemistry of life at high temperatures, as well as possibilities to establish transformation and expression systems for hyperthermophilic archaea. The aim of the project is to study 9 novel viruses and virus-like particles produced by strains of the hyperthermophilic archaeal genus Acidianus, which we have discovered in enrichment cultures from a sample from an acidic hot spring (pH 2, 85°C) in Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, USA. Four types of particles morphologically resemble known viruses of the hyperthermophilic archaea Sulfolobus and Thermoproteus. Morphologies of other particles are unique, not observed previously in nature. We plan to isolate a natural host for each of the viruses and virus-like particles, study particle structures and relationships with hosts, and determine and analyse nucleotide sequences of the genomes.

对病毒多样性在地球上的范围和分布的研究应该有助于理解病毒在微生物生态学和整个生态系统中的作用。全面了解病毒多样性也有助于理解病毒的起源和进化，可能还有助于理解细胞进化的早期阶段。由于其形态的显着多样性表明了一个广泛的系统发育跨度，古细菌病毒，主要是那些在炎热的栖息地蓬勃发展，是特别有前途的进化研究对象。这种病毒还提供了理解高温下生命生物化学的可理解模型系统，以及建立极端嗜热古菌转化和表达系统的可能性。该项目的目的是研究由超嗜热古菌属Acidianus菌株产生的9种新型病毒和病毒样颗粒，我们在美国怀俄明州黄石国家公园酸性温泉（pH 2，85°C）样品的富集培养物中发现了这些病毒和病毒样颗粒。四种类型的颗粒形态上类似于已知的超嗜热古菌硫化叶菌和热变形菌的病毒。其他粒子的形态是独特的，以前在自然界中没有观察到。我们计划为每种病毒和病毒样颗粒分离天然宿主，研究颗粒结构及其与宿主的关系，并确定和分析基因组的核苷酸序列。