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Creation of guidelines on local city suburbs development in consideration of smart decrease of the city area

考虑城市面积精明缩减，制定地方城市郊区发展指南

基本信息

批准号：
21560642
负责人：
HOKAO Kazunori
金额：
$ 3万
依托单位：
Saga University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2009
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2009 至 2011
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

This study aimed to evaluate the sustainability of city suburbs, which formed during a growth period, under on-going population decline and town shrinking, and to explore the self-sustaining system of urban management and the nature of community.1. This study examined a structure of urban development and formation process of district foundation by using both macro-scale and micro-scale analyses, and explored problems of urban design institutions, such as approved development project and its extent, in order to investigate the merits and demerits of city suburbs which formed during a growth period. Development of a suburban sprawl, which is originally outside of urban planning area, has been spread over in regional areas connecting with wide structures of urban cities, especially in a high potential and central site of road networks. It became a factor that leads to develop a suburban sprawl, since there has been no effective measure for urban planning. The standard of built-up housing … More development areas located close to zones designated for urbanization under development approval was not significantly superior to the built-up suburban sprawl areas, determined by the following assessment points ; an area size, a vacant land ratio, a green space ratio, a compartment street ratio, a shape and size of city block, location of parks, centrality of main road adjacent, and sewerage condition.2. This study also analyzed the relationship between infrastructure development and land price including fixed property tax and city planning tax in built-up urban areas. We obtained the following result. The land price and tax have kept lower than those of city center of which land price have been dropping for many years, even though the areas have been developed infrastructure using huge amount of investments. Therefore, it can be evaluated that the suburban sprawl has not led to creation of good build-up city environment.3. Considered the problems of a declining of built-up areas and population reduction under the present condition of accumulated suburban city areas, this study revealed that the following findings ; the environmental problem of the slope city area in Nagasaki city(problems of disaster prevention and crime prevention), the problem of aged-people habitation(an aged ratio, the rate of solitude), and the problem of renewal of rebuilding(deterioration of the whole town). Moreover, we have found the collaborated activities to solve against those problems in the areas among the local government administration, residents(community), and civic organizations(NPO).4. Lastly, this study found that a development of a simulation model(Cell Automa) enables application to an analysis of a declining scenario of a built-up city area. The system that newly emerging organizations(NPO) intervene the urban area management will be a solution of the problem of city suburbs in the age of reduction. Less

本研究旨在评价在人口持续减少和城镇持续萎缩的情况下，成长期形成的城市郊区的可持续性，并探讨城市管理的自我维持系统和社区性质。本研究通过宏观尺度和微观尺度的分析，考察了城市发展的结构和区域基础的形成过程，并探讨了城市设计机构的问题，如批准的开发项目及其范围，以探讨城市郊区在成长期形成的优缺点。郊区蔓延的发展，最初是在城市规划区域之外，已经蔓延到与城市的广泛结构连接的区域，特别是在高潜力和道路网络的中心位置。由于没有有效的城市规划措施，这成为导致郊区蔓延发展的一个因素。建成区住房标准…更多的开发区域位于城市化指定区域附近，并没有明显优于建成区城郊扩张区，这是由以下评估点决定的：1 .面积大小、空置土地比率、绿地比率、隔室街道比率、城市街区的形状和大小、公园的位置、邻近主要道路的中心位置以及污水处理状况。本研究还分析了建成区基础设施发展与土地价格的关系，包括固定房产税和城市规划税。我们得到了以下结果。虽然投入了大量资金建设基础设施，但与地价持续下跌的市中心地区相比，地价和税金一直保持在较低水平。因此，可以评价郊区扩张并没有导致良好的城市建设环境的创造。在当前城郊集聚的条件下，考虑到建成区减少和人口减少的问题，研究发现：长崎市坡地城区的环境问题（防灾、防犯罪问题）、老年人居住问题（高龄化、孤独率）、重建更新问题（全镇恶化）。此外，我们还发现了地方政府、居民（社区）和民间组织（NPO）之间的合作活动，以解决这些问题。最后，本研究发现，模拟模型（细胞自动机）的发展可以应用于分析建成区的衰落情景。新兴组织（NPO）介入城市区域管理的制度将是减少时代城市郊区问题的解决方案。少