Immune regulation of oral disease by co-signal molecule B7-H3 and the novel receptor.

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Co-signal molecules play important roles in positively or negatively regulate cell responses. We previously reported that new cosignal ligand murine B7-H3 and the receptor TLT-2 enhance T cell responses. Here we investigate the precise mechanisms and found, in human system, B7-H3 upregulate T cell responses through the ligation with TLT-2, too. We also clarified TLT-2 upregulates anti-tumor immunity through the enhancement of cytotoxicity by CD8^+T cells. These suggest that B7-H3.TLT-2 enhances anti-tumor immunity and imply that strong or continuous B7-H3.TLT-2 signaling lowers TLT-2.