Comparative Study on the Emergence of White-collar

首先，对日本、美国、德国和英国的工程师现状进行了研究。使用一个研究关键词“gembaism”，研究结果被组织成关于工程师出现的比较历史研究，现在准备出版一本书。第二，关于“推销员”的研究，已经完成了资源收集和事实调查过程，我们准备汇编调查结果，准备在会议上或在论文中提出。第三，在人事管理和中层管理人员的研究中，分析了白领就业的总体趋势和用人单位的人事政策，同时考察了中层管理人员的背景、教育、选拔过程和工作特点。

First, a research was conducted on the existing facts of engineers in Japan, the United States, Germany and the United Kingdom. Using a research keyword "gembaism", the findings were organized into comparative historical studies in regards to the emergence of engineers, which are now ready to be published as a book. Second, for the research on "salesman", the collecting of resources and fact-finding processes has been completed, and we are ready to compile the findings and prepare them to be presented at conferences or in papers. Third, for the research on personnel management and middle managers, the general trend of white-collar employment and the personnel policies of employers have been analyzed, and at the same time, the middle managers' backgrounds, education, selection processes and job characteristics have been examined.