Studies on inhibitory effect against mast cell function and anti-allergic property of GABA

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We found that gamma-amino-butyric acid type B (GABA_B) receptor is expressed in mast cells, while gamma-amino-butyric acid (GABA) and baclofen, a GABA_B receptor agonist, exhibit suppressive effect on histamine release in mast cells. Expression of GABA_B receptor was also detected in T cells and NK cells. Oral administration of GABA or baclofen successfully suppressed serum IgE level in Th2-dominant BALB/c mice. The mechanisms underlying this suppression by GABA included the alteration of Th1/Th2 balance toward to Th1-biased state. There is the possibility that GABA can down-regulate mast cell functions and IgE production via GABA_B receptor, leading to attenuation of IgE-mediated allergic responses.