Relation between epigenetic regulation by postprandial hyperglycemia and development of metabolic diseases

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In this study, we found the Brd4 protein as a new epigenetic factor to enhance mRNA levels by leading histone modifications induced by carbohydrate intake. The Brd4 enhances transcription by recruiting positive elongation factor b (P-TEFb) on transcribed region of carbohydrate-responsive genes such as carbohydrate digestion and absorption-related genes in the small intestine and insulin sensitivity genes in adipocytes. In addition, we found that increased Brd4 expression induces obesity, insulin resistance in mice. Furthermore, we found Brd4 target proteins in blood such as ALBP, ALT are useful biomarkers for obesity and insulin resistance in human.