Welfare, Labor, Economic lnequality, and Constitutional Social Rights

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This research aims to derive normative principles about the issue of economic in equality, or the gap between rich and poor, by comparing arguments from Japanese and American perspectives. It concludes that at least the following two principles should be adopted :(1) the Legislature should enact welfare or labor laws, which respect the constitutional social rights of individuals with diverse backg rounds ; and(2) the Court should scrutinize the benefit levels of social laws with the same standard of review as is used for evaluating the constitutionality of legislating social laws themselves based on Art. 25 or 27 of the Japanese Constitution.