Physiological function of paraspeckles: molecular mechanism of assembly and their nuclear distribution

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Paraspeckle (PS) is a large RNA-protein complex, consists of several ten RNA binding proteins and NEAT1, a noncoding RNA indispensable for the nuclear body assembly. The current study focuses on the molecular mechanism and nuclear distribution of PS to ellucidate paraspeckles' physiological function.We established a mouse cell constitutively expressing human NEAT1 RNA so that exogenous 'human PS' can be formed in addition to endogenous 'mouse PS'. In this heterologous system, 'human PS', a chimeric sturacutre of human RNA and mouse proteins was assembled independent of 'mouse PS'. Upon administration of a proteasome inhibitor, both humanPS and mouse PS enlarged independently. Furthermore, we observed that Neat1 loci (endogenous) and NEAT1 loci (exogenous), encoded separate chromosomes relocated vicinity, suggesting PS could be a driving force to recruit attached loci to close proximity.