Origin and development of the belief in the Holy Face in the thirteenth century England: research on image and religious practice

我们根据艺术作品和文本，如诗篇和启示录手稿，追溯了12世纪末至13世纪中叶西方圣面信仰的起源和发展，并结合当时末世论思想的运动和盎格鲁-撒克逊时代的地区传统，思考了圣面信仰的意义和这种信仰最早在英国发展的原因。我们阐明了私人奉献中宗教实践的一些方面，维罗妮卡的形象和祈祷文本就位于其中。

We retraced the origins and development of the belief in the Holy Face in West from later twelfth century to mid thirteenth century on the basis of works of art and texts such as manuscripts of Psalters and Apocalypses and considered meaning and the reason why this belief in the Holy Face developed firstly in England, in relation to the movement of eschatological thoughts of that time and the regional tradition from the Anglo-Saxon time. We shed light on some aspects of the religious practice in private devotion in which the image and prayer text of Veronica was situated.