Basic study on periodontal destruction by new T cell subset Th17

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We injected peptidoglycan (PGN) as TLR(Toll-like receptor)2 ligand and/or lipopolysaccaride (LPS) as TLR4 ligand into the gingiva in mice lower jaw. Then, the samples of gingival tissue were made with paraffin. We immunostained them with anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) , anti-interleukin 10 (IL-10) and anti-interleukin(IL)-17. Next, We counted the TNF-alpha , IL-10 and IL-17 positive cells in them. The number of TNF-alpha and IL-10 positive cells was the most numerous in samples stimulated by the both TLR2 and 4. The samples stimulated by single TLR had less positive cells. In case of IL-17, the samples stimulated by TLR2 expressed most positive cells and the samples stimulated by TLR4 had few positive cells. Interestingly, we found the sample stimulated by both ligands also had few positive cells. These results may show that accumulation of Th17 inhibited by the other T cell subsets, for example Th1, when the mouse gingival tissues were stimulated by PGN+LPS or LPS.