Mechanism of passive joint moment (PJM) on ankle joint and estimation method of the PJM with ankle movement

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In this study, we created a framework that consists of solvers of implicit nonlinear finite element method and rigid body dynamics, to analyse coupling problem between deformation behavior of three-dimensional incompressible hyperelastic body and rigid bodies with contact problem. Using the framework, a dynamical model of the foot that consists of ligaments and skeleton, which are represented as springs and rigid bodies, was constructed based on CT data of a human foot. Results of analyses about the passive joint moment during stance phase show the possibility that the shape of the articular surface plays a large role in the passive joint moment especially during stance phase.