Ionization of molecules irradiated by intense laser fields

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We studied the ionization processes of molecules irradiated by intense laser fields. In the case of acetylene, the ion yield of singly charged and doubly charged acetylene ions is larger when molecular axis is perpendicular to laser polarization direction than parallel to that. We revealed that this behavior reflects the shape of the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO). As a result, electrons in acetylene are ionized by tunnel ionization or over barrier ionization of the laser electric fields. In addition, in the case of oxygen molecule, the ion yield of singly charged ion behaves like acetylene. On the other hand, we found that the ion yield of the doubly charged oxygen molecule is different from acetylene and singly charged oxygen molecule.